Overview
Gallbladder cancer is far more common in the Ganga belt and Central India than in most of the world, and it is often found unexpectedly after gallbladder removal for gallstones. When that happens, the histopathology report decides whether further surgery or chemotherapy is required.
Symptoms overlap with ordinary gallstone disease, so a thickened gallbladder wall, a mass or a polyp above one centimetre on ultrasound should be evaluated carefully rather than treated as routine.
For advanced disease, gemcitabine and cisplatin remains the backbone, with immunotherapy added in selected patients. Molecular testing is offered because a proportion of biliary tract cancers carry actionable HER2, FGFR2 or IDH1 alterations.
Symptoms to watch for
- Persistent pain in the upper right abdomen
- Jaundice with itching and pale stools
- A lump felt in the upper abdomen
- Nausea, poor appetite and weight loss
- Gallstone-like symptoms that keep returning
How we treat it
- Review of post-cholecystectomy histopathology and staging scans
- Adjuvant chemotherapy or chemoradiation after surgery
- Gemcitabine and cisplatin chemotherapy for advanced disease
- Immunotherapy added in selected patients
- HER2, FGFR2 and IDH1 testing to identify targeted options
- Biliary drainage and symptom control coordinated with other specialists
Frequently asked questions
My gallbladder was removed and cancer was reported. What now?+
Bring the full histopathology report and operative notes. Depending on depth of invasion and margins, further surgery, chemotherapy or observation may be advised.
Do gallstones cause gallbladder cancer?+
Long-standing stones and chronic inflammation are associated with higher risk, but the great majority of people with gallstones never develop cancer.
Should a gallbladder polyp be removed?+
Polyps above about one centimetre, or those growing on follow-up, are generally advised for surgery after a surgical opinion.
This page is for information only and does not replace a medical consultation. Please speak to a qualified doctor for advice specific to your condition.